Planting depth of potato

here is a potato field where the seedlings are small and weak. If you look at the soil, everything is normal, but the distance from the bud eye to the top of the ridge is too long, 20 cm, and the sowing is too deep.

The suitable sowing depth of potato should be about 12-14 cm from the bud hole to the top of the ridge, which is conducive to the emergence of seedlings. Soil can be cultivated 1-2 times after full seedling, one is to increase the number of stolons, and the other is to prevent potato green head in later period.

However, in many places, people blindly increase the sowing depth in order to prevent the green head of potato. They do not know that this will not only lead to the lack of seedlings and weak seedlings, but also lead to a lot of green head of potato. Why? Let's see the picture below.

As shown in the figure above, the cross section after ridging in two ways. It can be clearly seen that the ridge on the left is triangular. Although the soil cover is thick, the soil amount on both sides of the ridge is small, resulting in small end and more green heads. The ridge on the right belongs to large ridge with square shoulder and thick soil on both sides of the ridge. This ridging method is very common in the main potato producing areas, and it is also the correct way to effectively prevent potato green heads.

Potato stolon

The tuber of potato is expanded from the top of stolon, and the length of stolon is usually 3-10 cm. The stolon in the figure below is as long as 20 cm, which directly leads to the failure of the top of the stolon to expand and form tubers. At the same time, this kind of stolon is easy to grow stems and leaves on the top surface.

What is the reason for this problem?

Generally, long stolons appear in the upper part of the rhizome, and the lower stolon is rarely seen. If the ridging method is not correct, the soil on both sides of the upper part of the ridge is thin, and the upper stolon in the ridge is easy to run out of the surface, causing the stolon to elongate too long without tuber, but stem and leaf; on the other hand, because the temperature is too high, generally more than 25 ℃, the stolon only elongates without tuber, and the closer to the top of the ridge, the higher the temperature is, so the upper stolon is easy to elongate too long; on the other hand, there is another reason It is caused by uneven watering. Tracking in the potato field, it is found that the lower part of the ridge is wet after watering in many places, but the upper part of the ridge cannot enter because of the wrong watering method. It is not only dry, but also can not achieve the purpose of cooling through watering, so it will also cause the problem of long stolon extension. Generally speaking, it is the high temperature that leads to this situation of stolon. The solution is to pay attention to soil cultivation and correct watering. Watering potato in the middle and late growth stage in the evening is helpful to reduce the ground temperature, meet the temperature requirements of potato, and is conducive to the expansion of potato.

When it comes to potato watering methods, most of the potatoes in Shandong Province are covered with plastic film, which makes it impossible to wet the whole ridge when watering because the film blocks water. This phenomenon has been found in Feicheng, Sishui, Zoucheng, Tai'an, Tengzhou and other places visited. Suggestion: when watering, break the film or use straw to block the water flow in the furrow to ensure that the water can enter or penetrate into the upper part of the ridge, which is conducive to the tuber formation of the upper stolon and increase the yield.

Potato leaf curling and wilting

At first glance, this disease looks like bacterial wilt, but bacterial wilt is usually one side of the plant wilting, which is manifested in the upper part of the plant wilting. A few days ago, the temperature rose suddenly and the evaporation increased greatly, which led to the temporary water loss and wilting of leaves. The occurrence of watered plots was significantly less than that of dry soil plots. It is suggested that small amount of water should be poured in the evening, and brassinolate should be sprayed on the leaves for regulation.

Tuber deformity

When harvesting potatoes, we often see strange shaped tubers which are different from normal tubers. Some of them have a small head on the top or side of the tubers, some are like dumbbells, some have two or three or more protrusions on the original tubers, such as tumor, and so on. Such tubers are called deformed tubers. The reason is that the tubers grow normally for a period of time after tuber setting, and then the tubers stop growing temporarily or grow very slowly in case of high temperature or drought, resulting in the aging of the cuticle. Later, the environment was changed or the water was supplied again after the temperature was suitable or drought, so that the tubers could not continue to expand evenly, resulting in abnormal tubers. In order to avoid this kind of phenomenon, we should keep the stable production conditions, supply water and fertilizer normally, and try not to use the tubers with serious secondary growth as seed tubers.

The density is too large, the nutrition area is insufficient

In order to increase the yield, some of them adopt the method of close planting, and most of them are better. Some of them have a density of 6000-7000 trees per mu. If the amount of fertilizer is too large, the stem and leaf will be too long, lodging, and even the branches and leaves will rot, resulting in yield reduction. No matter what kind of variety is planted, it must be planted reasonably according to the variety.